1. Raw materials and auxiliary productsMalt: It is best to use malt with a protein content of 9% to 12%. Its high-molecular protein can decompose products to facilitate foaming, but it will also increase the possibility of beer turbidity.Yeast: It is feasible to use yeast with short fresh-keeping ti

As the clear hot wort is cooled, the previously invisible coagulum loses its solubility and precipitates. The precipitate is referred to as the cold break and begins forming at about 60°C. The cold break mostly consists of protein-polyphenol (tannin) complexes, whereas the hot break is mostly protei

Following the boil, the next step is to separate the hop debris and the trubaceous matter (hot break) so that the wort is bright and clear before cooling. If whole hops are used, the amount of spent hops will be between 0.7 and 1.4 kg /hl wet weight and the trub will weigh in the region of 0.21-0.28