Beer hops are typically added to wort in 3 stages during the boil: bittering, flavor, and aroma. These stages have to do with what role they are playing in your beer, and are not associated with a specific type of hop. In other words, the same hop variety might be used for bittering, flavor, and aro

Mash efficiency refers to the extent to which you are able to pull the sugars out of the malted grain and into the water. A high percentage of sugar recovery (75-90%) is called 'high mash efficiency'. A low percentage (60-75%) is called 'low mash efficiency'. Since the amount of sugar in the water c

Mashing is an essential function of home brewing for the all grain brewer of either ‘Brew in a Bag’ or traditional Mashers. Since these methods do not rely on extract to achieve the pre boil wort, the brewer must make the most of his grist to get the most bang out of their grains. Most all grain bre